What is Brain-Drain? and its effects

Brain drain is a term used to describe a significant migration of educated and talented individuals. This happens in countries like India, where employment opportunities are not at par with the educated youth in the nation.

Brain drain is a slang used to describe a considerable emigration of highly educated and talented individuals.

This is mainly a result of a lack of good employment opportunities within a nation.

The migration of a significant number of educated and talented people from one country to another is called brain drain.

This happens because of better job prospects as compared to any other country.

In addition, brain drain can also occur at industrial or organizational levels when there is a mass exodus from a company or industry.

Because the other one provides a better salary and other benefits.

Brain drain is a loss to the nation, organization, and industry as it takes away many of the most talented individuals.

The term, brain drain, is often used to describe the migration of scientists, doctors, engineers, and other high-profile professionals such as those in the banking and finance sectors.

Their migration harms their native places. In the case of geographic brain drain, apart from the loss of expertise, consumer spending in the country also suffers a great loss.

Therefore, it can be a big loss for the economy of the country.

Origin of the word – brain drain:

The term brain drain was coined by the Royal Society. It was initially created to refer to the mass departure of scientists and technologists from post-war Europe and North America.

However, according to another source, the term first sprung up in the United Kingdom and referred to the arrival of Indian engineers and scientists. Brain waste and cerebral circulation are other similar terms.

Initially, the term referred to technology workers, which over time has become a generic term for one country to another,

Which is used for the mass departure of talented and skilled individuals from one country, industry, or organization to another in search of better-paying jobs and a higher standard of living

Brain drain is common in developing countries:

While some First World countries such as the UK have also experienced major brain drain,

This phenomenon is more common in developing countries such as India and China. Many factors are responsible for brain drain in these countries.

Higher wages, better medical facilities, access to advanced technology, better living standards, and more stable political conditions are just a few of the things

Which attract professionals to developed countries.

Types of brain drain:

As mentioned above brain drain occurs at three levels – Geographical, Organizational, and Industrial.

Geographical brain drain:

It refers to the migration of highly talented and skilled individuals to another country in search of better-paying jobs.

This has hurt the economy and overall development of their country.

Here are the factors responsible for geographic brain drain:

• Unstable Political Conditions of a Country:
• Availability of higher salary packages
• low standard of living
• lack of good employment opportunities
• lack of good medical facilities

Organizational Brain drain:

The mass exodus of highly talented, skilled, and creative employees from one organization to another is known as organizational brain drain.

  It weakens the organization and makes the competition tough.

This usually happens for the following reasons:

• Lack of good leadership and management in the organization
• little or no room for growth
• Payless package than market standards
• Lack of fair play while giving promotions
• no appreciation for the work
• strict working hours
• unreasonable work pressure

Industrial brain drain:

It is the departure of employees from one industry in search of better jobs in other industries. It disturbs the work of industries where brain drain occurs.

Here are some of the top causes of industrial brain drain:

• low salary package
• low growth potential
• reduce workload
• Health hazards associated with certain industries

Conclusion

Many countries around the world are facing the problem of brain drain and the government of these countries is taking some measures to control it.

 But the problem remains. Better plans need to be put in place to control this issue.

The factors responsible for brain drain have been identified. All these need to be controlled to overcome the problem.

There is a need to float better job opportunities in the market, among other things,

Offer pay packages on par with the skills of an individual and create a healthy work environment to avoid this issue.